Provided is an electronic device for performing block consensus. The electronic device is configured to query at least one external electronic device configuring a decentralization network whether to participate in consensus, receive a consensus participation response to the query from at least one first external electronic device among the at least one external electronic device, identify a specified number of second external electronic devices among the at least one first external electronic device, based on the consensus participation response, and transmit a consensus request to the specified number of second external electronic devices.