According to an embodiment, a method for estimating robustness of a trained machine learning model is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a labelled dataset, a model of an object for which defect detection is required, and the trained machine learning model. Further, the method comprises determining one or more parameters associated with image capturing conditions in the environment. Furthermore, the method comprises performing an auto extraction of one or more defects using the model of the object and the labelled dataset based on image processing. Furthermore, the method comprises generating one or more images based on the one or more parameters and the one or more defects. Additionally, the method comprises testing the trained machine learning model using the generated images. Moreover, the method comprises estimating a robustness report for the machine learning model based on the testing of the machine learning model.