Disclosed is a filter element butt joint mechanism, including: a fixed base with a mounting cavity; a butt joint base arranged in the mounting cavity and close to an inner end of the fixed base; a filter element including a housing, a head of the housing being inserted into the mounting cavity from an outer end, an insertion pipe being formed at the head of the housing; a limit sliding-clamping mechanism; and a screw transmission mechanism, wherein a groove is formed in the head of the housing, and an insertion pipe is formed in the groove; a boss matched with the groove is formed on the butt joint base, and a plug-hole matching the insertion pipe is formed on the boss.