This application relates to the field of intelligent transportation and intelligent vehicle technologies, and may be applied to a plurality of traffic scenarios, for example, a self-driving scenario. An example interaction method includes obtaining, by a first roadside device, first feature information of a traffic participant; and indicating, by a second roadside device, second feature information and a global identifier to the first roadside device. If the first feature information matches the second feature information, the first roadside device uses the global identifier to indicate the first feature information. A further interaction method includes configuring, by a server, a global identifier of a traffic participant based on feature information reported by a roadside device.