A spatial optical communication system includes: a plurality of optical transmitting and receiving apparatuses capable of constituting a mesh spatial optical communication network; and at least one processor, the at least one processor carrying out an analysis process of inferring, on the basis of reception signals of the optical transmitting and receiving apparatuses, a state of an air environment in at least one portion of an area in which the spatial optical communication network is formed, or a state of an installation ground of each of the optical transmitting and receiving apparatuses in the at least one portion of the area.