Disclosed is a storage device comprises a non-volatile memory configured to store data; a storage controller configured to determine a time to back up recovery data when a sudden power-off occurs and to perform a data dump operation according to a dump level determined based on the determined time when a user data dump fails; and a power loss protection (PLP) integrated circuit configured to measure at least one of a discharge time or remaining time of an auxiliary power supply when the sudden power-off occurs and to provide at least one of discharge time information or remaining time information to the storage controller, wherein the storage controller is configured to determine a minimum recovery data backup time in case of a user data dump failure using the at least one of the discharge time information or the remaining time information.