Disclosed are a semantic matching and retrieval method and apparatus. The semantic matching and retrieval method includes steps of obtaining both the vector representation of a query text and the vector representation of a document text; obtaining the final vector representation of the query text; obtaining the final vector representation of the document text; calculating, based on the final vector representation of the query text and the final vector representation of the document text, the similarity score between the query text and the document text; and selecting, based on the similarity scores between the query text and a plurality of document texts, a document text matching the query text from the plurality of document texts.