Provided is a rotary tillage, sowing, ditching and pressing compound operation machine, including a fertilization and sowing device (2), an intermediate rotary tillage and ditching device (4), a frame (1), a liftable ditcher (3), and a multi-stage press wheel device (5). The multi-stage press wheel device (5) includes a front press wheel (51) and a rear press wheel (52). The front press wheel (51) includes a front press roller shaft (511), front press rollers (512), and connecting rods (514). The rear press wheel (52) includes a connecting plate (521), a rear press roller shaft (523), and a rear press roller (524). A first end of the connecting plate (521) is connected to the rear press roller shaft (523) by a support, and the connecting plate (521) is connected to the frame (1) in a manner of a sliding pair. The rear press roller (524) is mounted on the rear press roller shaft (523) in a manner of a revolving pair, and the rear press roller (524) is located behind the liftable ditcher (3). A second end of the connecting plate (521) is connected to the liftable ditcher (3) to achieve switching of operation states of the liftable ditcher (3) and the rear press wheel (52). The rotary tillage, sowing, ditching and pressing compound operation machine can perform compound operation in a full-operation width, with more excellent operation quality.