In various examples, systems and methods for calibration for sensor lens shading using non-radial correction of residual radial shading error are provided. In some embodiments, a calibration flow includes computation of calibration parameters corresponding to radial lens shading correction, and computation of calibration parameters corresponding to non-radial lens shading correction. A lens shading profile may be computed that defines a gain mapping of lens shading effect appearing in an image frame of calibration sensor data. Parameters for radial lens shading correction may be computed from the lens shading profile, and parameters for non-radial lens shading correction may be computed based a residual shading profile generated from the radial lens shading correction. Calibration parameters for radial and non-radial lens shading correction may be used to calibrate sensor data captured by an image sensor module to correct for lens shading.