A compact container having a refill container replacement structure according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a container body having a moving-up/down diagonal groove formed therein; a container lid opening/closing the container body; a container lid opening and closing the container body; an intermediate body which is coupled to the inside of the container body to be rotatable within a certain section and has a moving-up/down vertical hole formed therein; a refill container holder which is coupled into the intermediate body and has a moving-up/down protrusion that is inserted in the moving-up/down diagonal groove through the moving-up/down vertical hole; and a refill container coupled to the refill container holder and accommodating content therein.