A vibration measurement error determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a vibration data acquisition step for acquiring vibration data by measuring a vibration generated in a structure; a first determination step for determining, on the basis of a preset error data selection rule, whether the vibration data is data generated by a measurement error; a second determination step for using a machine-learning algorithm to determine whether the vibration data is data generated by a measurement error; and a final determination step for determining, on the basis of the results determined in the first determination step and the second determination step, whether the vibration data is data generated by a measurement error.