A transmission delay measurement method, a positioning method, a terminal, a base station and a storage medium are disclosed. The method may include acquiring a downlink reference signal sent by a base station, and determining a LOS path and a reference path from a plurality of transmission paths of the downlink reference signal; acquiring a reference delay difference that is a difference between a downlink transmission delay of the LOS path and the downlink transmission delay of reference path; sending an uplink reference signal to the base station, to cause the base station to obtain an uplink transmission delay of reference path based on the uplink reference signal; and reporting the reference delay difference to the base station, to cause the base station to obtain the uplink transmission delay of LOS path based on the uplink transmission delay of reference path and reference delay difference.