During laser ophthalmic procedures, back-reflected treatment laser light is detected by an auto-Z module and analyzed in real-time to determine various aspects of laser-tissue interaction during the procedure. This method can detect the presence of “black spots” (locations where no laser-tissue interaction occurred), sub-optimal incision quality, etc. in real time, and allows for dynamical adjustment of the laser treatment parameters such as pulse energy, laser spot separation, etc. to correct the detected problems. The auto-Z signal analysis may also depend on which incision segment or region is currently being cut, to optimally control different cutting segments. This method improves corneal incision quality and helps to achieves consistent laser-tissue interaction from patient to patient.