A display apparatus includes: a substrate; a display element disposed on the substrate; a pixel-defining layer disposed on the substrate and defining an opening that defines an emission area of the display element; a spacer disposed on the pixel-defining layer and defining a first opening that overlaps the opening of the pixel-defining layer; a thin-film encapsulation layer disposed on the display element; and a light-shielding layer disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer and defining a second opening corresponding to the emission area of the display element, where a size of the first opening is greater than or equal to a size of the second opening in a plan view.