Relating to the field of anode material, an anode material, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery provided. The anode material includes an aggregate, the aggregate comprises a carbon material and a silicon material, there is an anion present in the aggregate, and the anion accounts a mass content of 0.001 wt % to 0.5 wt % in the anode material. The anode material, preparation method thereof, and lithium ion battery provided improve initial Coulombic efficiency of a silicon anode material, and reduce production cost.