An organic light emitting device comprises a first electrode, an organic emissive layer positioned over the first electrode, a charge transport layer positioned over the organic emissive layer, and a second electrode comprising a metal, positioned over the charge transport layer, wherein the charge transport layer and the second electrode are configured to form plasmon exciton polaritons between the second electrode and the charge transport layer, wherein the charge transport layer has large singlet extinction coefficients and oscillator strengths, and an absorption onset wavelength smaller than emission wavelength.