A pad for interposition between the bottom of a railway rail and a rail foundation upon which the rail stands is a single piece of elastomeric material in the form of a substantially rectangular sheet with substantially rectangular cut-outs at the center of two opposite sides and chamfering of at least the upper major face at the other two opposite sides. In a rail and fastening assembly projections which extend upwardly from the rail foundation, and are engaged by means holding the rail down, lie partly in the cut-outs and impede movement of the pad along the rail.