A hydraulic wood splitter is disclosed which is configured for highly efficient and convenient wood splitting operation. In order to retain wood being split in proper position on the frame of the splitter, the construction includes a wood-retaining configuration for the wood-abutting splitting rams of the construction. Each ram includes a peripherally extending retaining lip which cooperates with an elongated slot defined by the frame of the splitter for retention of wood in proper position thereon. Additionally, the splitting wedge of the device is provided with a dual-tapered or double-beveled configuration for further facilitating convenient and efficient wood splitting.