There is disclosed a slide type exhaust brake system having: an exhaust brake body orthogonal to an exhaust passageway provided with a protrudent connecting wall to an air release pipe; and air cylinder leading to one end of the brake body; a tabular valve member incorporated into a reciprocatory operation passageway and fitted to a tip of a piston rod penetrating a partition wall with respect to the air cylinder unit; a block member engaging with the valve member; and an exhaust pressure adjusting hole communicating with an engagement port. When closing the exhaust passageway, the exhaust pressure adjusting hole is closed substantially by the tip of the piston, keeping a minute spacing with respect to a peripheral surface of the engagement port. The peripheral surface of the exhaust pressure adjusting hole undergoes a unidirectional thrust by the piston tip. When opening the exhaust passageway, the exhaust pressure adjusting hole is opened substantally by the piston tip. The block member moves the valve member in the other direct. Thus the braking functions smoothly and rapidly.