A rotary knock type mechanical pencil in which the forward and rearward outer cylindrical are relatively rotated, a cam movement converting mechanism stored in the forward outer cylinder converts the rotary movement into an axial advancing or retracting movement, the lead feeding mechanism may feed the lead of desired length from the extremity end of the mechanical pencil under a knocking operation in the shaft comprising: a cam cylinder integrally rotating with the rearward outer cylinder; that includes two cam surfaces and an engaging part which allows retraction of a lead guide pipe a rotary cam mechanism for converting the rotary movement of the cam cylinder into a reciprocating advancing or retracting movement while slidably contacting with the cam surface formed at the extremity end surface of the cam cylinder; a lead feeding mechanism including an advancing or retracting mechanism such as a cassette adapter for advancing or retracting the lead chuck attached to the extremity end under a reciprocating movement applied through the rotary cam mechanism, a lead chuck for holding the lead, and a tightening member freely inserted into the extremity end of the load chuck and for holding or releasing a lead of the lead chuck as its advancing movement is carried out.