A process for producing fine cellulose particles, which comprises(1) mixing viscose with a water-soluble anionic polymeric compound or polyethylene glycol or its derivative to form a dispersion of fine particles of viscose,(2) (i) heating the dispersion or mixing it with a coagulating agent to thereby coagulate the viscose in the dispersion, and thereafter neutralizing it with an acid to form fine particles of cellulose, or (ii) coagulating and neutralizing the dispersion with an acid to form fine particles of cellulose, and(3) thereafter, separating the fine particles of cellulose from the mother liquor. The fine cellulose particles(a) are composed substantially of II-type cellulose,(b) have a crystallinity, of 5 to 35% by weight,(c) are composed substantially of particles of not more than 20 micrometers, and(d) have a sharp particle size distribution.