The device, for use in contraception and in preventing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, comprises a thin, flexible pouch having an open end in the form of a peripheral flange with a peripheral ribbed rim, and a closed end. An insert is provided within the closed end of the pouch so as to protect the pouch during insertion thereof into the vagina by means of an applicator rod or the like. The insert, which is typically absorbent and of flexible expanded plastics material, and may have dispersed therein a spermicide and/or an antiviral agent, comprises a central portion and four spurs. A continuous coating layer of an adhesive material which can temporarily adhere the barrier device to mucous membrane material in the presence of aqueous body fluids is preferably provided on the vulva-contacting surface of the flange and/or on the vagina-contacting surface of the pouch.