The invention relates to a device for supporting and wedging a railway rail (R) on a tie (T), the device comprising in particular a resilient pad (1) on which there rests the base (Ra) of the rail (R) and two insulating tabs (2, 2') interposed between the rail (R) and spring clips (A, A') which are fixed on inserts (I, I') secured laterally in the tie (T). According to the invention, said pad (1) comprises a central portion (10) supporting the base (Ra) of the rail (R) and two symmetrical lateral portions (11, 11') of smaller thickness disposed beneath the bottom edges of the tabs (2, 2') which are themselves situated at a level lower than the base (Ra) of the rail (R).