An associative storage includes: a plurality of storage elements having at least one internal signal outputting element for outputting an internal outputting signal toward another storage element and at least one internal signal inputting element for receiving an internal inputting signal outputted form another storage element, a learning signal inputting element for each respective storage element for inputting a learning signal thereto, a recalling signal inputting element for each respective storage element for inputting a recalling signal thereto, an internal state switching element for each respective storage element for turning an internal state of the respective storage element to an ON state when either the learning signal or the recalling signal is inputted thereto and/or the sum of the internal inputting signals exceeds a threshold value while the internal state is kept in an OFF state, wherein the internal state switching element outputs the internal signal towards another storage element when the internal state is turned ON, and an enhancing element for each respective internal signal inputting element for enhancing a signal transmitting efficiency thereof when the internal state of the storage element is turned ON and the internal signal inputting element receives the inputting signal from another storage element.