An automatically spreading and collapsing umbrella includes a plurality of rib assemblies pivoted to a ferrule on a handle, and a plurality of stretcher assemblies. Each stretcher assembly is pivoted to a runner slidably sleeved on the handle to stretch or retract a respective rib assembly when the runner is moved. An anchored member has two ends journalled on a main rib of one of the rib assemblies, and a middle portion having an anchored site which is formed as a bent strip that is vaulted upwardly. A collapsing tension spring is retained between a connecting rod of one of the stretcher assemblies and the anchored site so as to define a collapsing line along an extending length of the spring. Stretching of the rib assemblies can extend the spring to store an elastic potential energy to facilitate collapsing of the rib assemblies. A resilient wire is connected to one end of the anchored member and an extending rib of one of the rib assemblies so as to actuate the extending rib to retract inwardly toward the handle when the rib assemblies are collapsed.