An axle alignment system is disclosed which permits convenient and efficient lateral alignment of an axle relative to a vehicle frame, without causing vertical displacement of the vehicle frame, and without requiring welding after the alignment operation. In a described embodiment, an axle alignment system includes rotationally engaged members, each of which has an eccentrically disposed opening formed therethrough. A fastener received in the openings is displaced horizontally, but not vertically, when the members are rotated relative to each other.