This invention also provides a method of treating atherosclerosis in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a substance capable of binding to the amino-terminal region of apolipoprotein B, thereby treating the atherosclerosis. This invention also provides a method for inhibiting the binding of low density lipoprotein to blood vessel matrix in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a substance capable of competing with the amino-terminal region of apolipoprotein B for binding to blood vessel matrix, thereby inhibiting the binding of low density lipoprotein to blood vessel matrix. This invention also provides a method for identifying a compound capable of ameliorating atherosclerosis. Additionally, this invention provides a kit for inhibiting the binding of low density lipoprotein to blood vessel matrix, wherein the kit comprises a substance capable of binding to the amino-terminal region of apolipoprotein B.