The present invention relates to a hermetic rotary compressor. More particularly, since the conventional rotary compressor has problems that the effect of a surge recess for reducing noises due to pressure pulsation is insufficient, and it is impossible to obtain the maximum compression efficiency, the present invention is constructed such that noises due to pressure pulsation can be reduced to the maximum and at the same time the compressive driving force required for compressing gaseous refrigerant is decreased to thereby improve the compression efficiency. In a hermetic rotary compressor which comprises a crankshaft which has an eccentric portion formed therein and is rotated by receiving driving force of a motor unit, a rolling piston which is inserted into an eccentric portion of the crankshaft, a cylinder in which a space portion into which the rolling piston is inserted is formed to thereby form a space portion between the inner surface of the cylinder and the outer surface of the rolling piston, upper and lower bearings, each of which is connected to the cylinder to thereby enclosing the space portion and at the same time support the crankshaft, and a vane which is installed to penetrates the inner wall of the cylinder, linearly reciprocate in a radius direction of the cylinder, and linearly contact with the outer surface of the rolling piston, whereby the space portion of the cylinder is partitioned into a suction area and a compression area according to the rotation of the crankshaft, there is a provided a hermetic rotary compressor, wherein a surge recess is formed at 80˜90 degrees in a rotational direction of the crankshaft from the vane, have a volume corresponding to 0.5˜2% of the overall volume of the space portion, and is partially communicated with the cylinder space portion.