A low-cost, high-resolution capacitive position sensor is provided using a variable capacitor. A vane moves parallel to a stator, where a dielectric is interposed between vane and stator, such that the vane overlaps at least a portion of the stator, creating a capacitance that varies as the vane moves relative to the fixed stator. The capacitor circuit outputs a signal having a phase shift relative to an input driver signal based on the relative positions of the vane and stator. The phase-shifted signal is used to derive the absolute position of the vane with respect to the stator. Two or more stator can be provided to provide two phase-shifted signals and a difference signal free of common mode effects. Enhanced embodiments include interdigitated stator portions for greater sensing resolution, and/or a two or three-pole filter to double or triple the dynamic range of the sensor.