A pattern forming material includes a binary copolymer represented by the following general formula or a ternary or higher copolymer obtained by further polymerizing the binary copolymer with another group: wherein R1 indicates a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R2 and R3 independently indicate a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a phenyl group or an alkenyl group or together indicate a cyclic alkyl group, a cyclic alkenyl group, a cyclic alkyl group having a phenyl group or a cyclic alkenyl group having a phenyl group; R4 indicates a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; x satisfies a relationship of 0