A microlens substrate 1 includes a transparent substrate 2 provided with a plurality of concavities 3 having concave surfaces, an outer layer 8 bonded to the transparent substrate 2 at a surface thereof provided with the concavities 3 via a resin layer 9, and spacers 5 for regulating the thickness of the resin layer 9. The resin layer 9 includes microlenses 4 formed with a resin filling the concavities 3. The spacers 5 include globular particles. The standard deviation of particle-size distribution of the spacers 5 is preferably not greater than 20% of an average particle size of the spacers 5. The density of the spacers 5 is preferably in the order of 0.5 to 2.0 g/cm3. A value &rgr;1/&rgr;2 is preferably in the order of 0.6 to 1.4, in which &rgr;1 denotes the density (g/cm3) of the spacers 5, and &rgr;2 denotes the density (g/cm3) of a resin forming the resin layer 9.