A double endobronchial catheter that is suited for one lung isolation anesthesia and surgery that has an outer sheath that is adapted to be introduced into the patient such that the distal end of the sheath is positioned within the patient and the proximal end remains exterior of the patient. A pair of catheters are slidingly retained in separate lumens within the outer sheath lumen. Each of the catheters has an inflatable balloon at the distal end thereof with the proximal ends extending outwardly from the proximal end of the outer sheath. A stylet is removably positioned within each of the catheters so that each catheter can be manipulated independently of the other catheter within the confines of the outer sheath so that the distal ends of the catheters can be positioned at a site within the bronchi of the patient and, upon inflation of the balloons, one of the patient's lungs can be isolated and ventilation and anesthesia administered to the other lung.