Titanium oxide exhibiting a superior photocatalytic activity through irradiation of a visible light as well as an ultraviolet light, and a photocatalyst and a photocatalytic coating agent including said titanium oxide, wherein said titanium oxide has a value of an index X1 calculated by the following equation (I) of not more than about 0.90, and a value of an index Y1 calculated by the following equation (II) of not less than 0.075, X1=B1/A1  (I) Y1=D1/C1,  (II) wherein A1 and B1 stand for respective half-widths of peaks, which are obtained by the process consisting of the steps: (i) analyzing titanium oxide eight times according to an X-ray phtoelectron spectroscopy, (ii) obtaining an integrated spectrum of an electron state of titanium with respect to the above first analysis and the second analysis, (iii) obtaining a half-width, A1, of a peak within a binding energy range of from 458 eV to 460 eV with respect to the integrated spectrum obtained in the above step (ii), and (iv) carrying out steps (ii) and (iii) with respect to the above seventh and eighth analyses to obtain a half-width, B1, of a peak, and wherein C1 stands for an integrated value of absorbance within a wavelength range of from 250 nm to 550 nm in measurement of an ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectrum of titanium oxide, and D1 stands for an integrated value of absorbance of titanium oxide within a wavelength range of from 400 nm to 550 nm.