Modified BDNF having improved pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics and physical properties can be obtained by modifying BDNF with a 1-acyl-glycerol derivative. This BDNF being modified with a 1-acyl-glycerol derivative of the present invention has more efficacious and more excellent pharmacokinetic properties with retaining the useful effects being characteristic to BDNF which are useful as remedies for neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes mellitus, and hence, it is particularly useful as a therapeutic agent for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.