A winding device, comprising a ring-shaped holder disposed concentrically with a winding shaft, a ring-shaped slider fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the holder, and a plurality of chips disposed at angular intervals on a tapered inclined surface formed on the outer peripheral surface of the slider, wherein a fluid pressure passes through a first flow path in the winding shaft, the slider is moved in the axial direction of the winding shaft by a first piston, each chip is moved in the radial direction of the winding shaft by the inclination surface of the slider and pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the winding core so as to hold the winding core, a second piston is pressed against the end face of the holder by a second flow path independent of the first flow path, and the torque of the winding shaft is transmitted to the holder, slider, chips, and winding core by the friction between the second piston and the holder so as to rotate the winding core.