The invention relates to an agent for preventing, improving or treating hypertension, which exhibits a hypotensive effect, inhibits the rise of blood pressure and improves hypertension, and food for preventing or improving hypertension, which does not become a burden in daily intake, has a higher antihypertensive effect and is useful as a diet during treatment for patients of hypertension. The agent for preventing, improving or treating hypertension contains the following components (A) and (B): (A) a compound selected from the group consisting of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid, and esters and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; and (B) a component selected from the group consisting of central nervous system stimulating components, food fibers, extracts of perennial evergreen leaves of the genus Camellia, Theaceae, or Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, Eucommiae, organic acids having a molecular weight of 60 to 300 (excluding citric acid) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and sugar alcohols.