A thermosensitive lithographic printing plate comprising: a hydrophilic support; a lower layer comprising a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin; and an upper thermosensitive layer comprising a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin and an infrared absorbing dye, whose dissolution in an alkaline aqueous solution increases upon exposure, wherein a surface of the upper thermosensitive layer has protrusions caused by ununiformity of thickness of the upper thermosensitive layer in a proportion of 0.1 or more and not more than 7 per μm2 or the upper thermosensitive layer comprises at least two alkali-soluble resins having a different dissolution speed in an alkaline aqueous solution from each other, and the at least two alkali-soluble resin cause phase separation from each other.