The present invention provides an excellent transmissive screen allowing a well-balanced increase in the vertical, horizontal, and oblique viewing angle characteristics for enhancing the viewing angle characteristics, and a rear projector including the transmissive screen. A transmissive screen can include a Fresnel lens portion having Fresnel lens components on its light-exiting surface, and a microlens array portion disposed at the light-exiting surface side of the Fresnel lens portion and having many microlenses on its light-incident surface. The microlenses of the microlens array portion are arrayed vertically and horizontally such that adjacent microlenses have common sides and the microlens array portion is rotated by 45°.