An inert gas production and compression system for extracting and compressing an inert gas from an exhaust gas of an engine includes a power and inert gas generator, an inert gas processing system, and an inert gas compressor. The inert gas processing system includes an extraction system to receive exhaust gas from an engine and to remove liquids and particulate from the exhaust gas; a cooling system to receive the exhaust gas from the engine and at each stage of a multi-stage gas compressor; and a separator for separating liquids and particulate from the exhaust gas. The inert gas production and compression system can include one or more controllers and a microprocessor system to monitor the operation of the inert gas processing system and to manage the inert gas processing system based on inputs from the controllers.