Disclosed herein is a method of fabricating nano-components using nanoplates, including the steps of: printing a grid on a substrate using photolithography and Electron Beam Lithography; spraying an aqueous solution dispersed with nanoplates onto the grid portion to position the nanoplates on the substrate; depositing a protective film of a predetermined thickness on the substrate and the nanoplates positioned on the substrate; ion-etching the nanoplates deposited with the protective film by using a Focused Ion Beam (FIB) or Electron Beam Lithography; and eliminating the protective film remaining on the substrate using a protective film remover after the ion-etching of the nanoplates, and a method of manufacturing nanomachines or nanostructures by transporting such nano-components using a nano probe and assembling with other nano-components. The present invention makes it possible to fabricate the high-quality nano-components in a more simple and easier manner at a lower cost, as compared to other conventional methods. Further, the present invention provides a method of implementing nanomachines through combination of such nano-components and biomolecules, etc.