To provide a line balance control method, a line balance control apparatus, and a component mounting machine, which do not require a higher-level device. A production line 100 is equipped with a printing machine 120, a coating machine 130, a component mounting machine 101, a component mounting machine 102, and a reflow machine 140, and they are connected through a communication line 110, respectively. In addition, a line balance control device, which is equipped with possibility inquiring means which makes an inquiry of whether or not it is possible to mount components to be allocated, among the components to be mounted, to the component mounting machines 101, 102, possibility obtaining means which obtains a response to the inquiry in the possibility inquiring means, and allocating means which allocates components to be mounted, to each component mounting machine 101, 102, in such a manner that mounting time at each component mounting machine is equalized, on the basis of the response obtained in the possibility obtaining means, is disposed in a device which configure the production line 100.