Methods of encoding and decoding a multi-channel audio signal and apparatuses for encoding and decoding a multi-channel audio signal are provided. The apparatus for decoding a multi-channel audio signal includes an unpacking extracting which extracts a pilot and data regarding a quantized CLD between a pair of channels of the plurality of channels from the bitstream, a differential decoding unit which restores a quantized CLD by adding the extracted pilot to the extracted data, and an inverse quantization unit which inversely quantizes the restored quantized CLD using a quantization table that considers the location properties of the pair of channels. The methods of encoding and decoding a multi-channel audio signal and the apparatuses for encoding and decoding a multi-channel audio signal can enable an efficient encoding/decoding by reducing the number of quantization bits required.