A electrical component attachment structure for a two-wheeled motor vehicle includes a main frame supporting components of a vehicle body such as an engine, a pair of right and left center frames extending vertically behind the engine, and a rear swing arm swingably supported by a pivot shaft provided to the center frame. In this structure, a drive chain which transmits a driving force from the engine to a rear wheel is arranged along the rear swing arm. An electrical component is arranged on a vehicle inner side of the right and left center frames above the drive chain behind the engine.