A data processing system includes: a cache memory comprising a plurality of ways, each of which stores a data line including a data and address information of the data; an analysis module that analyzes whether or not a data requested in a read instruction is to be used in a subsequent instruction to be executed within a predetermined time period after the execution of the read instruction is started; a mode selection module that selects one of a plurality of access modes for accessing the cache memory based on a result of the analysis module; and an access unit that accesses the cache memory in the selected one of the access modes when the read instruction is executed.