A gas barrier layered product including a base material and a layer stacked on a surface of the base material, wherein the layer is formed of a composition including: a hydrolyzed and condensed product of a compound (L) containing a metal atom to which a group selected from a halogen atom and an alkoxy group is bonded, and a compound (A) in which an organic group selected from a halogen atom, a mercapto group and a hydroxyl group is further bonded to the metal atom; a neutralized product of a polymer containing a functional group selected from a carboxyl group and a carboxylic anhydride group, wherein at least 40 mol % of a —COO— group contained in the functional group has been neutralized with a metal ion having a valence of two or more; and a compound (D) bonded to both the —COO— group and a group on the surface of the hydrolyzed and condensed product of the compound (L). A method for producing the gas barrier layered product.