The present invention provides a method of producing an α-alumina particle. The method of producing an α-alumina particle comprises steps of: (1) heating a mixture containing an amorphous alumina and a pyrolyzable salt at temperature of not less than the temperature at which the pyrolyzable salt is decomposed, and less than the temperature at which the amorphous alumina transforms to α-alumina; and (2) calcining the resultant under a partial pressure of water vapor of about 600 Pa or less.