An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a windable carbonaceous material sheet, which is obtained by continuously curing a long uncured fiber sheet which is obtained by using short fibers to make paper and which contains uncured resin to produce a resin-impregnated cured sheet, and then continuously carbonizing it, and its production process.For the object, a long uncured fiber sheet (1a) is conveyed by conveyance means which is equipped with one rotation belt set (2) comprising a drive roll (2a), a follower roll (2b), and an endless belt (2c) which is put on and around these rolls (2a, 2b). A resin-impregnated cured sheet (1b) is produced by heating and pressurizing the uncured fiber sheet (1a) by resin curing means (3) which is arranged so as to nip the uncured fiber sheet through the endless belt (2c). Further, the resin-impregnated cured sheet is continuously conveyed in a horizontal direction, and then is carbonized by the apparatus for manufacturing a carbonaceous material sheet which is equipped with a carbonization treatment chamber for carbonizing a carbonizing material and guide rolls which are provided in the carbonization treatment chamber, so that a carbonaceous material sheet is continuously produced. Then, this is wound up. Accordingly, production efficiency is remarkably improved, and its handling property and conveying property are excellent.