A method, computer program product, and system are disclosed for dynamically provisioning clusters of middleware appliances. In one embodiment, the method includes referencing a resource measurement from a plurality of middleware appliances. The middleware appliances process one or more service domains and the resource measurement includes processing resources consumed by each middleware appliance for each of the one or more service domains. The method may also include determining an implementation plan based on a performance goal and one or more resource calculations. The implementation plan specifies service domain instances to activate and service domain instances to deactivate on the plurality of middleware appliances. The method may also include dynamically enabling and disabling the service domain instances on the plurality of middleware appliances based on the implementation plan.