A holographic recording and reproduction system includes a servo optical path, which is used to provide a servo mechanism, so that holographic interference fringes can be stored continuously into a holographic recording medium, and when the reproduction signals are desired, they can be fetched and obtained swiftly and accurately by making use of the servo mechanism. In addition, the servo light spot of the servo optical path is located on the optical axis of an object lens, thus reducing the image aberrations produced and raising the quality of the signals read for the servo track searching. Moreover, the light intensity distribution of the reference beams reflected by the holographic recording medium is monitored and controlled, as such realizing the analysis and adjustment of the relative distance and inclination angle between the holographic recording and reproduction system and the holographic recording medium.