An electronic component installation apparatus 4 which constructs an electronic component mounting line 1 and installs an electronic component on a substrate is configured to include substrate conveyance lanes L1, L3 as two conveyance paths for feed which respectively feed the substrate carried from the upstream side to the downstream side, the conveyance paths for feed in which substrate positioning parts for positioning and holding the substrate in installation work positions are disposed between two component installation parts 22A, 22B for taking the electronic components out of component supply parts 23A, 23B and transferring and installing the electronic components to the substrate, and a substrate conveyance lane L2 as a return conveyance path which returns the substrate carried from the downstream side to the upstream side and is disposed in a state of being sandwiched between the substrate conveyance lanes L1, L3.